Jumat, 20 Desember 2019

Australian PM apologizes for vacation as firefighters killed in huge blazes - Reuters

SYDNEY (Reuters) - Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison issued a rare public apology on Friday and cut short a Hawaiian vacation in response to mounting public anger after two volunteer firefighters were killed battling bushfires sweeping the country’s east coast.

Flowers and the helmets of volunteer firefighters Andrew O'Dwyer and Geoffrey Keaton, who died when their fire truck was struck by a falling tree as it traveled through the front line of a fire, are seen at a memorial at the Horsley Park Rural Fire Brigade in Horsley Park, NSW, December 20, 2019. AAP Image/Bianca De Marchi/via REUTERS

Some areas of Sydney are set for “catastrophic” conditions on Saturday, and the deadly fires are now engulfing other parts of the country. One person was killed in a car crash on Friday near South Australia’s capital city of Adelaide where an emergency warning is in place, though the precise circumstances surrounding the death is not yet clear.

Australia has been fighting wildfires across three states for weeks, with blazes destroying more than 700 homes and nearly 3 million acres (1.2 million hectares) of bushland.

The death of the two firefighters overnight when their fire truck was struck by a falling tree as it traveled through the front line of a fire brought the fires death toll in New South Wales to eight since the start of October.

Ten more firefighters were seriously injured on Thursday, with four in South Australia being treated for burns and smoke inhalation.

“The worst imaginable set of circumstances unfolded,” New South Wales (NSW) Rural Fire Service (RFS) Commissioner Shane Fitzsimmons told reporters in Sydney. “This hurts everybody to the core.”

Shortly after the pair’s deaths were announced, Morrison issued a statement saying he would return as soon as possible from a family holiday in Hawaii, a trip that has drawn sharp criticism in recent days as the wildfires crisis deepened.

“I deeply regret any offence caused to any of the many Australians affected by the terrible bushfires by my taking leave with family at this time,” Morrison said in the statement.

Morrison later told 2GB radio that the trip had been planned as a surprise to his young daughters to replace leave originally scheduled for January that he had canceled because of official trips to Japan and India.

CATASTROPHIC FIRE HAZARD

His return comes as firefighters prepare for “catastrophic” fire danger - the most severe level - in NSW on Saturday as searing heat and high winds are forecast, leading officials to urge people to evacuate their homes early if they live close to bushland.

“It is a fairly strong likelihood that we will lose homes tomorrow, it would be a miracle if we don’t,” RFS Deputy Commissioner Rob Rogers told reporters in Sydney.

There are more than 200 fires burning across Australia - 70 of which are classified as uncontrolled, mostly in NSW.

In South Australia, more than 120 blazes have broken out in catastrophic conditions. Bracing for more potential fatalities, authorities said an emergency fire in Lameroo, 210 km (130.5 miles) east of Adelaide may pose a threat to lives directly in its path and urged residents to flee now.

Morrison’s conservative Liberal-National coalition government has been under sustained pressure to defend its climate change policies as it has downplayed links to the unprecedented early arrival and severity of this year’s bushfire season.

Hundreds of protesters gathered outside Morrison’s Sydney residence on Thursday. One protestor, wearing an Hawaiian shirt, carried a sign reading, “ScoMo, where the bloody hell are you?” referencing the leader’s nickname and a well-known international advertisement for Tourism Australia.

Australia is one of the world’s largest carbon emitters per capita because of its reliance on coal-fired power plants. It has pledged to cut carbon emissions by 26% from 2005 levels by 2030, but critics accuse Morrison of paying lip service to that commitment.

In June, the government approved the construction of a new coal mine in Queensland state by India’s Adani Enterprises that is expected to produce 8 million to 10 million tonnes of thermal coal a year.

As Morrison was apologizing on radio on Friday morning, opposition Labor Party leader Anthony Albanese was serving breakfast to firefighters near the front line of a fire in rural Bilpin.

CHRISTMAS TRAVEL WARNING

The fires have resulted in days of heavy pollution in Sydney, pushing air quality to unprecedented hazardous levels and resulting in viral images of heavy smoke haze over the usually sparkling harbor and landmarks like the Opera House.

The fires are being spurred this week, by record temperatures across the country which led NSW, the most populous state with 7 million people, to declare a seven-day state of emergency.

Thursday’s declaration gave firefighters broad powers to control government resources, force evacuations, close roads and shut down utilities.

Days out from Christmas, a time when many Australians head to the coast for the holidays, NSW Premier Gladys Berejiklian urged people to reconsider travel plans.

Slideshow (3 Images)

“What is most important for us is that everyone is safe and if that means changing your plans for Christmas, we ask you do to that,” Berejiklian told reporters in Sydney.

(GRAPHIC: Forests in flames: Images from space show Australia's bushfires in different light - here)

Additional reporting by Swati Pandey; Editing by Jane Wardell & Shri Navaratnam

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2019-12-20 05:58:22Z
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Kamis, 19 Desember 2019

Australia has its hottest day on record as Sydney residents brace for heat, fires and smoke - The Washington Post

Australia had its hottest day on record Dec. 17, with a nationally averaged temperature of 105.6 degrees (40.9), according to the country’s Bureau of Meteorology. This beats the old record of 104.5 degrees (40.3 Celsius) on Jan. 7, 2013.

However, it’s a record that may not stand for long — perhaps for just 24 hours, as forecasters anticipate it could be broken both Wednesday and Thursday eastern time, as a searing, early-season heat wave roasts the country.

“This hot air mass is so extensive that preliminary figures show that yesterday was the hottest day on record in Australia,” said BOM meteorologist Diana Eadie.

It’s highly unusual for a national temperature record to be broken, but to be broken on two to three straight days is even more rare.

Numerous locations in inland Australia exceeded 115 degrees (44.8 Celsius) on Dec. 17, with even higher temperatures expected Wednesday. The hottest temperature ever recorded in Australia, which was 123 degrees (50.6 Celsius), set on Jan. 2, 1960, in Oodnadatta, may be in jeopardy during this event.


High temperatures Dec. 17, 2019, Australia's hottest day on record. (Bureau of Meteorology)

The heat is combining with drought conditions and burning wildfires to lead to severe to “extreme” fire danger in parts of Victoria, South Australia and New South Wales on Thursday local time. The extreme fire danger warning includes metropolitan Sydney, where the heat is ramping up.

The heat is forecast to peak Friday in Adelaide, where the forecast high temperature is 113 degrees (45 Celsius), as well as Melbourne, which is predicted to reach 109 degrees (43 Celsius).

The BOM is also forecasting that many locations will break monthly records for the hottest temperatures in December. In fact, some places in New South Wales could see their hottest temperature on record for any time of the year, particularly Saturday, according to BOM meteorologist Blair Trewin.

  • Perth, in Western Australia, has already broken its all-time December record for the number of consecutive days (three) reaching or exceeding 104 degrees (40 Celsius).
  • In Adelaide, the forecast calls for four straight days (through Friday) with high temperatures of 104 degrees or higher, according to BOM meteorologist Sarah Scully.

In New South Wales, which has been the state hit hardest with bush fires, parts of Sydney could reach 104 degrees amid smoky conditions Thursday, before temperatures retreat over the weekend.

In general, temperatures have been running between about 18 to 30 degrees above average in parts of the country, according to the BOM.

“Smoke will become a significant issue for populated areas in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory,” Eadie said. “This will combine with severe to extreme heat wave conditions to have a large impact on people’s health.”

Extreme heat is the number one weather-related killer in Australia, and smoke from ongoing bush fires has occasionally been so thick that visibility has deteriorated to below one mile in Sydney. Bush fire smoke can worsen asthma and other respiratory conditions, aggravate heart problems, and pose risks for the young and elderly alike.

Climate studies have shown clear and causal links between bush fires — as well as wildfires in the United States — and long-term global warming. Climate change helps escalate fire risks by drying out vegetation and making it more flammable, among other effects.

According to a new BOM report on the 2019 bush fires, spring 2019 brought the highest fire weather danger on record in Australia, as measured by the Forest Fire Danger Index, with “record high values observed in areas of all states and territories.”

Long-term climate trends in Australia show clear warming and an increase in extreme heat events. Last summer, for example, was the country’s hottest on record, and the meteorology bureau found that climate change exacerbated extreme heat events as well as droughts during the year.

Australia has warmed by just over 1.8 degrees (1 Celsius) since 1910, with most of the warming occurring since 1950. The BOM has found an increase in the frequency of extreme heat events and severity of drought conditions during this period, as well.

Nine of Australia’s top 10 warmest years on record have occurred since 2005, and 2019 is likely to join that list. Globally, 2019 is virtually assured to be the second-warmest year on record, according to NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Australia is one of the most vulnerable major industrialized countries to climate change, particularly when it comes to extreme heat and drought conditions. However, the country is also a major exporter of coal, a greenhouse-gas-intensive energy source.

The heat and bush fires this spring and summer have put pressure on the pro-business and pro-coal Liberal government of Prime Minister Scott Morrison to take more aggressive climate action.

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2019-12-19 08:55:39Z
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Rabu, 18 Desember 2019

Australia has its hottest day on record as Sydney residents brace for heat, fires and smoke - The Washington Post


Simulated “misery index” in Australia on Dec. 17, 2019. (earth.nullschool.net)

Australia had its hottest day on record Dec. 17, with a nationally averaged temperature of 105.6 degrees (40.9), according to the country’s Bureau of Meteorology. This beats the old record of 104.5 degrees (40.3 Celsius) on Jan. 7, 2013.

However, it’s a record that may not stand for long — perhaps for just 24 hours, as forecasters anticipate it could be broken both Wednesday and Thursday eastern time, as a searing, early-season heat wave roasts the country.

“This hot air mass is so extensive that preliminary figures show that yesterday was the hottest day on record in Australia,” said BOM meteorologist Diana Eadie.

It’s highly unusual for a national temperature record to be broken, but to be broken on two to three straight days is even more rare.

Numerous locations in inland Australia exceeded 115 degrees (44.8 Celsius) on Dec. 17, with even higher temperatures expected Wednesday. The hottest temperature ever recorded in Australia, which was 123 degrees (50.6 Celsius), set on Jan. 2, 1960, in Oodnadatta, may be in jeopardy during this event.


High temperatures Dec. 17, 2019, Australia's hottest day on record. (Bureau of Meteorology)

The heat is combining with drought conditions and burning wildfires to lead to severe to “extreme” fire danger in parts of Victoria, South Australia and New South Wales on Thursday local time. The extreme fire danger warning includes metropolitan Sydney, where the heat is ramping up.

The heat is forecast to peak Friday in Adelaide, where the forecast high temperature is 113 degrees (45 Celsius), as well as Melbourne, which is predicted to reach 109 degrees (43 Celsius).

The BOM is also forecasting that many locations will break monthly records for the hottest temperatures in December. In fact, some places in New South Wales could see their hottest temperature on record for any time of the year, particularly Saturday, according to BOM meteorologist Blair Trewin.

  • Perth, in Western Australia, has already broken its all-time December record for the number of consecutive days (three) reaching or exceeding 104 degrees (40 Celsius).
  • In Adelaide, the forecast calls for four straight days (through Friday) with high temperatures of 104 degrees or higher, according to BOM meteorologist Sarah Scully.

In New South Wales, which has been the state hit hardest with bush fires, parts of Sydney could reach 104 degrees amid smoky conditions Thursday, before temperatures retreat over the weekend.

In general, temperatures have been running between about 18 to 30 degrees above average in parts of the country, according to the BOM.

“Smoke will become a significant issue for populated areas in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory,” Eadie said. “This will combine with severe to extreme heat wave conditions to have a large impact on people’s health.”

Extreme heat is the number one weather-related killer in Australia, and smoke from ongoing bush fires has occasionally been so thick that visibility has deteriorated to below one mile in Sydney. Bush fire smoke can worsen asthma and other respiratory conditions, aggravate heart problems, and pose risks for the young and elderly alike.

Climate studies have shown clear and causal links between bush fires — as well as wildfires in the United States — and long-term global warming. Climate change helps escalate fire risks by drying out vegetation and making it more flammable, among other effects.

According to a new BOM report on the 2019 bush fires, spring 2019 brought the highest fire weather danger on record in Australia, as measured by the Forest Fire Danger Index, with “record high values observed in areas of all states and territories.”

Long-term climate trends in Australia show clear warming and an increase in extreme heat events. Last summer, for example, was the country’s hottest on record, and the meteorology bureau found that climate change exacerbated extreme heat events as well as droughts during the year.

Australia has warmed by just over 1.8 degrees (1 Celsius) since 1910, with most of the warming occurring since 1950. The BOM has found an increase in the frequency of extreme heat events and severity of drought conditions during this period, as well.

Nine of Australia’s top 10 warmest years on record have occurred since 2005, and 2019 is likely to join that list. Globally, 2019 is virtually assured to be the second-warmest year on record, according to NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Australia is one of the most vulnerable major industrialized countries to climate change, particularly when it comes to extreme heat and drought conditions. However, the country is also a major exporter of coal, a greenhouse-gas-intensive energy source.

The heat and bush fires this spring and summer have put pressure on the pro-business and pro-coal Liberal government of Prime Minister Scott Morrison to take more aggressive climate action.

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2019-12-18 16:12:06Z
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Australia swelters on its hottest day nationwide as wildfires rage -- and temperatures are likely to rise even higher - CNN

The average maximum temperature across the country on Tuesday was 40.9 degrees Celsius (105.6 Fahrenheit), according to the Australian Bureau of Meteorology -- beating the previous 2013 record of 40.3 Celsius (104.5 Fahrenheit).
That's just the average nationwide figure -- the heat has spiked even higher in some places, like the town of Ceduna in South Australia, which hit 45.5 degrees Celsius (nearly 114 Fahrenheit).
Burnt trees after a bushfire in the Blue Mountains, some 120 kilometres northwest of Sydney on December 18.
The heat wave comes as deadly bush fires continue to ravage NSW, exacerbated by the heat, wind, and the worst drought in decades. According to the state's Rural Fire Service, 100 active fires are still burning across the state, of which 54 are not yet contained. A total fire ban remains in place statewide until midnight on Saturday.

#WhereTheBloodyHellAreYou

As records fall and blazes continue, Prime Minister Scott Morrison has been heavily criticized for taking a pre-Christmas holiday, believed to be in Hawaii.
Newspaper cartoonists depicted the leader lounging on a beach, while smoke from the Australian bush fires blighted his view.
The hashtag #WhereTheBloodyHellAreYou emerged online in response to the PM's absence. It was tweeted by the model Lara Worthington (previously Lara Bingle) who rose to fame in a 2006 Tourism Australia advertisement featuring the now-famous slogan: "So where the bloody hell are you?"
She wrote: "Scott Morrison: WHERE THE BLOODY HELL ARE YOU??? #AustraliaBurns #AustraliaFires"
Acting Prime Minister Michael McCormack defended Morrison, telling state broadcaster the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), that it was a pre-planned family trip and he was due to travel to India and Japan in January, when politicians usually take their summer break.
COP25 was meant to tackle the climate crisis. It fell short
Australia is heavily reliant on coal-fired power, and Morrison has repeatedly come under fire from activists for his government's climate policies.
On Tuesday, members of the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action -- comprising dozens of former senior emergency service leaders -- said the Prime Minister had been "missing in action" on climate change.
The group now plans to hold its own summit on Australia's bushfire crisis in the coming year.
"More country has been burned, more homes lost, three times more homes lost than our worst previous fire season in history and the fires are still burning," said Greg Mullins, former NSW Fire and Rescue commissioner, on Tuesday.
"The driving force behind this is climate change," he added. "In our decades of service, we've seen Australia become drier, hotter and extreme weather conditions far more severe."
The soaring temperatures come just days after Australia, along with several other big polluters, were accused of obstructionist behavior at the UN climate summit COP25.
The summit included almost 200 countries, and was supposed to agree the rules of the 2015 Paris climate accord. Australia in particular was accused of seeking loopholes by recycling old carbon credits, in order to meet their commitments under the accord.

Records tumble

The bureau warned on Tuesday that temperatures were likely to climb even higher as the heat wave continues to spread east into Victoria and NSW states over the course of the week.
Earlier this week, the city of Perth in Western Australia experienced three consecutive days above 40 Celsius (104 Fahrenheit) -- which had never before happened in December, according to CNN meteorologists.
An Australian firefighter in the Central Coast north of Sydney on December 10, 2019.
Australia's bush fires have been burning for two months now. They have destroyed more than 760 homes and damaged nearly 300 more, left four people dead, and potentially killed hundreds of koalas and other wildlife.
The drought and the fires are the most urgent symptoms of Australia's climate crisis. Disasters like the fires and floods have devastated the livelihoods of farmers and wrought millions of dollars' worth of damage. As the heat and drought ramp up, water may be running out -- the city of Sydney, home to more than 5 million people, could see its dams run dry by 2022.
The greater Sydney area is now under level 2 water restrictions, which limit the outdoor use of drinking water. It is the first time the restrictions have been implemented since 2003, during a drought that lasted until 2009.

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2019-12-18 11:32:00Z
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Google settles 'longstanding' tax dispute with Australia - Reuters

FILE PHOTO: The logo of Google is seen at the high profile startups and high tech leaders gathering, Viva Tech,in Paris, France May 16, 2019. REUTERS/Charles Platiau

SYDNEY (Reuters) - Alphabet Inc’s Google has settled a “longstanding” tax dispute with Australia’s tax office, it said on Wednesday, after paying an extra A$481.5 million ($326.75 million) on top of its previous tax bill.

The settlement comes after an audit that looked into the tech giant’s tax practices between 2008 and 2018, a Google spokeswoman said.

In a separate statement, the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) said it has now netted A$1.25 billion after also settling tax disputes recently with other tech giants such as Microsoft, Apple and Facebook under the Multinational Anti-Avoidance Law (MAAL).

“Thanks to the efforts of our ATO officers under the Tax Avoidance Taskforce and the introduction of the MAAL, Australian sourced sales by these digital giants will now be returned to Australia’s tax base,” the ATO said in a statement, calling the settlement “another e-commerce victory.”

Facebook, Google, Amazon and other large technology companies have faced criticism globally for reducing their tax bills by booking profits in low-tax countries regardless of the location of the end customer. Such practices are frowned upon by many countries as unfair.

A Google spokeswoman said the settlement with the ATO will provide certainty for future tax treatment.

Australian Treasurer Josh Frydenberg said in a statement the establishment of the tax avoidance taskforce in 2016 has helped strengthen tax compliance of multinationals and large corporations.

“Ensuring large companies and multinationals pay the right amount of tax means we can continue to deliver the essential services Australians rely on,” Frydenberg said.

Reporting by Swati Pandey; Editing by Shri Navaratnam

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2019-12-18 07:14:00Z
52780507093746

Australia heatwave: Nation endures hottest day on record - BBC News

Australia has experienced its hottest day on record with the national average temperature reaching a high of 40.9C (105.6F).

The Bureau of Meteorology (Bom) said "extensive" heat on Tuesday exceeded the previous record of 40.3C set on 7 January 2013.

Taking the average of maximum temperatures across the country is the most accurate measure of a heatwave.

The record comes as the nation battles a severe drought and bushfire crisis.

Forecasters had predicted the most intense heat would come later in the week, meaning the record could be broken again.

As hundreds of fires rage, Prime Minister Scott Morrison has been criticised for his response to the natural disasters and his government's climate policies.

Why has this happened now?

Australia heated up this week as a mass of hot air swept east across the continent, with meteorologists forecasting "severe to extreme heatwave conditions".

Several individual heat records for towns and cities have already been shattered. On Tuesday, places across the nation's centre recorded temperatures above 45C.

At the start of the week, Perth, the capital of Western Australia, recorded three days in a row above 40C - a record for December.

The dominant climate driver behind the heat has been a positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) - an event where sea surface temperatures are warmer in the western half of the ocean, cooler in the east.

The difference between the two temperatures is currently the strongest in 60 years. The warmer waters cause higher-than-average rains in the western Indian Ocean region, leading to flooding, and drier conditions across South East Asia and Australia.

But Australia has been enduring a drought for a long time - several years in some places. Bom says the dry soil has meant less evaporation - which would normally exert a cooling influence on the landscape.

What is climate change doing to Australia?

According to Bom, Australia has warmed overall by just over 1C since 1910, with most of the heating occurring since 1950.

Nine of Australia's top 10 hottest years on record have all occurred since 2005.

Officials predict that 2019, on the temperatures recorded so far, will be among the four warmest years on record. Bom says it's expecting national mean temperatures to be at least 1.3C above the long-term average of 27.5C.

That heat has helped create the conditions for natural disasters like bushfires, droughts and floods - which have always happened in Australia - to be more frequent and more severe.

"Australia's climate is increasingly influenced by global warning and natural variability takes place on top of this background trend," says Bom.

Vast areas of the nation are struggling through a second and third year of drought. According to the measurements for 2019 so far, the year has been Australia's driest in over a century.

Media playback is unsupported on your device

Australia's conservative government has been criticised both at home and internationally for what's seen as an inadequate climate record.

The country is one of the highest emitters of carbon pollution per capita, largely because it is still heavily reliant on coal-fired power. The UN has also said it is among the minority of G20 nations falling short on its emissions promises.

The government has been reluctant to talk about the role of climate change in exacerbating bushfires, a stance which has sparked protests.

Critics have accused Mr Morrison of being "missing in action" on the issue. That pressure escalated this week after it emerged he was overseas on holiday.

After local media reported he was in Hawaii, phrases such as #WhereTheBloodyHellAreYou, #WhereisScoMo and #FireMorrison trended on Twitter.

How damaging can heatwaves be in Australia?

Heatwaves are Australia's deadliest natural disaster and have killed thousands more people than bushfires or floods.

Last summer (2018-2019) was recorded as the nation's hottest on record, as average temperatures soared past 30C (86F) for the first time.

At least five of the days were recorded among the nation's top 10 hottest on record.

The heat, which was concentrated over one fortnight in January, caused mass wildlife deaths, sparked bushfires and led to a rise in hospital admissions.

It also sparked furious political discussion about the nation's energy grid, after densely populated city areas were forced to endure blackouts amid the heat.

What does this mean for the fires?

More than 100 blazes are still burning across Australia's east coast - with the high temperatures escalating dangerous conditions.

Bom and fire authorities have warned that the record temperatures have made the fires more volatile and harder to fight.

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2019-12-18 03:12:37Z
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Selasa, 17 Desember 2019

NASA satellite image shows grim Australian fire devastation from space - CNET

aussiefires

This Suomi NPP satellite image shows the massive amounts of smoke from actively burning fires, designated by the red spots.

NASA Worldview, Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS)

New South Wales in Australia is under stress from a heatwave and ongoing bush fires that are eating up the landscape. The ground is choked with smoke that has reached into Sydney while the view from space reveals the extent of the damage.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and NASA operate the Suomi NPP satellite. NASA released the satellite's look at New South Wales from Monday. It shows a massive blanket of smoke emanating from active fires marked by bright red spots. 

"To date the size of the area burned is 1.5 times the size of the state of Connecticut (approximately 5.3 million acres of land)," NASA said. The New South Wales Rural Fire Service had logged 115 active fires as of Monday, with 59 of them still needing to be contained.

The fire threat looks like it may not let up for some time. "It has already been a challenging fire season and this is expected to continue," the Bushfire and Natural Hazard Cooperative Research Centre tweeted on Sunday while warning of increased danger as the fire season progresses.

NASA's eyes in the sky will continue to monitor the fire situation in Australia. It's already bad, but it's likely to get worse.

Now playing: Watch this: How to stop climate catastrophe | What the Future

6:23

Originally published Dec. 16, 4:33 p.m. PT

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https://news.google.com/__i/rss/rd/articles/CBMiYWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNuZXQuY29tL25ld3MvbmFzYS1zYXRlbGxpdGUtaW1hZ2Utc2hvd3MtZ3JpbS1hdXN0cmFsaWFuLWZpcmUtZGV2YXN0YXRpb24tZnJvbS1zcGFjZS_SAWxodHRwczovL3d3dy5jbmV0LmNvbS9nb29nbGUtYW1wL25ld3MvbmFzYS1zYXRlbGxpdGUtaW1hZ2Utc2hvd3MtZ3JpbS1hdXN0cmFsaWFuLWZpcmUtZGV2YXN0YXRpb24tZnJvbS1zcGFjZS8?oc=5

2019-12-17 00:33:00Z
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